Nextcloud

网盘

操作系统 （64位） Ubuntu Debian

数据库 MySQL8.4 MariaDB11.8 PostgreSQL17 UTF8 4-byte

网页服务器 nginx 与 php-fpm

PHP

ctype (included with PHP)

curl

DOM

fileinfo (included with PHP)

filter (only on Mageia and FreeBSD)

GD

xml (provides SimpleXML, XMLReader and XMLWriter; requires Linux package libxml2 version >= 2.7.0)

mbstring

OpenSSL (included with PHP)

posix

session (included with PHP)

zip

zlib

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install nginx mariadb-server postgresql
sudo apt install php php-fpm php-mysql php-pgsql
sudo apt install php-gd php-curl php-mbstring php-intl php-gmp php-xml php-imagick php-zip
# 验证
php -m | grep -E 'curl|dom|gd|mbstring|zip|xml|openssl'

#修改php.ini
sudo vi /etc/php/*/fpm/php.ini
修改php.ini文件,按/搜索 按n查找下一个匹配项
memory_limit = 512M
按`esc`键，输入`:wq`退出

# 查找 occ 文件
sudo find / -name "occ" -type f 2>/dev/null
cd /var/www/nextcloud
sudo -u www-data php occ status
#禁用 AppAPI
sudo -u www-data php occ app:disable app_api

sudo systemctl restart php8.4-fpm.service

#登入msql
mysql -u root -p
#创建nextcloud_db数据库
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS nextcloud_db CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;
CREATE USER 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '********';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nextcloud_db.* TO 'admin'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
quit;

vi /etc/php/<version>/fpm/php.ini

disable_functions: Avoid disabling functions unless necessary.

max_execution_time: See Uploading big files > 512MB

memory_limit: Should be at least 512MB. See also Uploading big files > 512MB

opcache.enable and related settings: See Memory caching and Server tuning

open_basedir: See Hardening and security guidance

upload_tmp_dir: See Uploading big files > 512MB

NGINX configuration — Nextcloud latest Administration Manual latest documentation

https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/installation/nginx.html

vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/nextcloud.conf

nextcloud.conf

# Version 2025-07-23
 
upstream php-handler {
    #server 127.0.0.1:9000;
    server unix:/run/php/php8.4-fpm.sock;
}
 
# Set the `immutable` cache control options only for assets with a cache busting `v` argument
map $arg_v $asset_immutable {
    "" "";
    default ", immutable";
}
 
server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name cloud.example.com;
 
    # Prevent nginx HTTP Server Detection
    server_tokens off;
 
    # Enforce HTTPS
    return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
 
server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
    # With NGinx >= 1.25.1 you should use this instead:
    # listen 443      ssl;
    # listen [::]:443 ssl;
    # http2 on;
    server_name cloud.example.com;
 
    # Path to the root of your installation
    root /var/www/nextcloud;
 
    # Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
    # https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
    ssl_certificate     /etc/nginx/conf.d/cert/cloud.example.com.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/conf.d/cert/cloud.example.com.key;
 
    # Prevent nginx HTTP Server Detection
    server_tokens off;
 
    # HSTS settings
    # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
    # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
    # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
    # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
    # could take several months.
    #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload" always;
 
    # set max upload size and increase upload timeout:
    client_max_body_size 512M;
    client_body_timeout 300s;
    fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
 
    # Proxy and client response timeouts
    # Uncomment an increase these if facing timeout errors during large file uploads
    #proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
    #proxy_send_timeout 60s;
    #proxy_read_timeout 60s;
    #send_timeout 60s;
 
    # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_comp_level 4;
    gzip_min_length 256;
    gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
    gzip_types application/atom+xml text/javascript application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/wasm application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
 
    # Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
    # with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
    #pagespeed off;
 
    # The settings allows you to optimize the HTTP2 bandwidth.
    # See https://blog.cloudflare.com/delivering-http-2-upload-speed-improvements/
    # for tuning hints
    client_body_buffer_size 512k;
 
    # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
    add_header Referrer-Policy                   "no-referrer"       always;
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options            "nosniff"           always;
    add_header X-Frame-Options                   "SAMEORIGIN"        always;
    add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none"              always;
    add_header X-Robots-Tag                      "noindex, nofollow" always;
 
    # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
    fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
 
    # Set .mjs and .wasm MIME types
    # Either include it in the default mime.types list
    # and include that list explicitly or add the file extension
    # only for Nextcloud like below:
    include mime.types;
    types {
        text/javascript mjs;
	application/wasm wasm;
    }
 
    # Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
    # here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
    # when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
    # on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
    # that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
    # the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
    # to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
    # `/updater`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
    # `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
    # always provides the desired behaviour.
    index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;
 
    # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
    location = / {
        if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
            return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
        }
    }
 
    location = /robots.txt {
        allow all;
        log_not_found off;
        access_log off;
    }
 
    # Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
    # access it despite the existence of the regex rule
    # `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
    # for `/.well-known`.
    location ^~ /.well-known {
        # The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
        # in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.
 
        location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
        location = /.well-known/caldav  { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
 
        location /.well-known/acme-challenge    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
        location /.well-known/pki-validation    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
 
        # Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
        # requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
        return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
    }
 
    # Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
    location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/)  { return 404; }
    location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console)                { return 404; }
 
    # Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
    # which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
    # then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
    # to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
    location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
        # Required for legacy support
        rewrite ^/(?!index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|ocs-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode(_arm64)?\/proxy) /index.php$request_uri;
 
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
        set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
 
        try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
 
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
        fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
 
        fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;         # Avoid sending the security headers twice
        fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;     # Enable pretty urls
        fastcgi_pass php-handler;
 
        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        fastcgi_request_buffering on;                   # Required as PHP-FPM does not support chunked transfer encoding and requires a valid ContentLength header.
 
        # PHP-FPM 504 response timeouts
        # Uncomment and increase these if facing timeout errors during large file uploads
        #fastcgi_read_timeout 60s;
        #fastcgi_send_timeout 60s;
        #fastcgi_connect_timeout 60s;
 
        fastcgi_max_temp_file_size 0;
    }
 
    # Serve static files
    location ~ \.(?:css|js|mjs|svg|gif|ico|jpg|png|webp|wasm|tflite|map|ogg|flac)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
        add_header Cache-Control                     "public, max-age=15778463$asset_immutable";
        add_header Referrer-Policy                   "no-referrer"       always;
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options            "nosniff"           always;
        add_header X-Frame-Options                   "SAMEORIGIN"        always;
        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none"              always;
        add_header X-Robots-Tag                      "noindex, nofollow" always;
        access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
    }
 
    location ~ \.(otf|woff2?)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        expires 7d;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
        access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
    }
 
    # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
    location /remote {
        return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
    }
 
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
    }
}

sudo apt -y install openssl 
openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 \
    -keyout cloud.example.com.key \
    -out cloud.example.com.crt \
    -subj "/C=CN/ST=Beijing/L=Beijing/O=MyOrg/CN=localhost"
mkdir /etc/nginx/conf.d/cert
mv cloud.example.com.* /etc/nginx/conf.d/cert/
sudo nginx -t

现在下载最新 Nextcloud 版本的存档：

转到 Nextcloud 安装页面。

转到下载 Server > Community Projects，然后下载 tar.bz2 或 .zip 存档。

# 按住 shift 在空白处鼠标右键选 在此处打开powershell窗口
scp .\nextcloud.zip user@127.0.0.1:/home/user
# 等待上传完成 登入服务器解压文件
unzip nextcloud.zip
sudo mv ./nextcloud /var/www/
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/nextcloud
sudo chmod -R 777 /var/www/nextcloud/

https://localhost/install/

浏览器访问向导安装

管理员 admin

密码 123456

路径默认 /var/www/nextcloud/data

数据库用户 admin

数据库密码 123456

数据库名称 nextcloud_db

数据库地址 localhost:3306

管理>基本设置>电子邮件服务器

发送模式 SMTP

加密 SSL

来自地址 localhost@qq.com

服务器地址 qq.com:456

身份认证 需要认证

证书 localhost@qq.com localhost@qq.com