Nextcloud

这是本文档旧的修订版！

网盘

平台	选项
操作系统	Ubuntu 24.04 LTS、Debian 12

ctype (included with PHP)

curl

DOM

fileinfo (included with PHP)

filter (only on Mageia and FreeBSD)

GD

xml (provides SimpleXML, XMLReader and XMLWriter; requires Linux package libxml2 version >= 2.7.0)

mbstring

OpenSSL (included with PHP)

posix

session (included with PHP)

zip

zlib

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install nginx mariadb-server
sudo apt install php php-fpm php-mysql 
sudo apt install php-gd php-mysql php-curl php-mbstring php-intl php-gmp php-xml php-imagick php-zip
# 验证
php -m | grep -E 'curl|dom|gd|mbstring|zip|xml|openssl'

#登入msql
mysql -u root -p
#创建nextcloud_db数据库
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS nextcloud_db CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;
CREATE USER 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '********';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nextcloud_db.* TO 'admin'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
quit;

vi

NGINX configuration — Nextcloud latest Administration Manual latest documentation

https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/installation/nginx.html

vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/nextcloud.conf

nextcloud.conf

# Version 2025-07-23
 
upstream php-handler {
    #server 127.0.0.1:9000;
    server unix:/run/php/php8.4-fpm.sock;
}
 
# Set the `immutable` cache control options only for assets with a cache busting `v` argument
map $arg_v $asset_immutable {
    "" "";
    default ", immutable";
}
 
server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name cloud.example.com;
 
    # Prevent nginx HTTP Server Detection
    server_tokens off;
 
    # Enforce HTTPS
    return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
 
server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
    # With NGinx >= 1.25.1 you should use this instead:
    # listen 443      ssl;
    # listen [::]:443 ssl;
    # http2 on;
    server_name cloud.example.com;
 
    # Path to the root of your installation
    root /var/www/nextcloud;
 
    # Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
    # https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
    ssl_certificate     /etc/nginx/conf.d/cert/cloud.example.com.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/conf.d/cert/cloud.example.com.key;
 
    # Prevent nginx HTTP Server Detection
    server_tokens off;
 
    # HSTS settings
    # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
    # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
    # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
    # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
    # could take several months.
    #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload" always;
 
    # set max upload size and increase upload timeout:
    client_max_body_size 512M;
    client_body_timeout 300s;
    fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
 
    # Proxy and client response timeouts
    # Uncomment an increase these if facing timeout errors during large file uploads
    #proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
    #proxy_send_timeout 60s;
    #proxy_read_timeout 60s;
    #send_timeout 60s;
 
    # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_comp_level 4;
    gzip_min_length 256;
    gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
    gzip_types application/atom+xml text/javascript application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/wasm application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
 
    # Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
    # with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
    #pagespeed off;
 
    # The settings allows you to optimize the HTTP2 bandwidth.
    # See https://blog.cloudflare.com/delivering-http-2-upload-speed-improvements/
    # for tuning hints
    client_body_buffer_size 512k;
 
    # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
    add_header Referrer-Policy                   "no-referrer"       always;
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options            "nosniff"           always;
    add_header X-Frame-Options                   "SAMEORIGIN"        always;
    add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none"              always;
    add_header X-Robots-Tag                      "noindex, nofollow" always;
 
    # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
    fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
 
    # Set .mjs and .wasm MIME types
    # Either include it in the default mime.types list
    # and include that list explicitly or add the file extension
    # only for Nextcloud like below:
    include mime.types;
    types {
        text/javascript mjs;
	application/wasm wasm;
    }
 
    # Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
    # here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
    # when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
    # on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
    # that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
    # the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
    # to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
    # `/updater`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
    # `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
    # always provides the desired behaviour.
    index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;
 
    # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
    location = / {
        if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
            return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
        }
    }
 
    location = /robots.txt {
        allow all;
        log_not_found off;
        access_log off;
    }
 
    # Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
    # access it despite the existence of the regex rule
    # `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
    # for `/.well-known`.
    location ^~ /.well-known {
        # The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
        # in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.
 
        location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
        location = /.well-known/caldav  { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
 
        location /.well-known/acme-challenge    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
        location /.well-known/pki-validation    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
 
        # Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
        # requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
        return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
    }
 
    # Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
    location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/)  { return 404; }
    location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console)                { return 404; }
 
    # Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
    # which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
    # then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
    # to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
    location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
        # Required for legacy support
        rewrite ^/(?!index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|ocs-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode(_arm64)?\/proxy) /index.php$request_uri;
 
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
        set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
 
        try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
 
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
        fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
 
        fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;         # Avoid sending the security headers twice
        fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;     # Enable pretty urls
        fastcgi_pass php-handler;
 
        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        fastcgi_request_buffering on;                   # Required as PHP-FPM does not support chunked transfer encoding and requires a valid ContentLength header.
 
        # PHP-FPM 504 response timeouts
        # Uncomment and increase these if facing timeout errors during large file uploads
        #fastcgi_read_timeout 60s;
        #fastcgi_send_timeout 60s;
        #fastcgi_connect_timeout 60s;
 
        fastcgi_max_temp_file_size 0;
    }
 
    # Serve static files
    location ~ \.(?:css|js|mjs|svg|gif|ico|jpg|png|webp|wasm|tflite|map|ogg|flac)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
        add_header Cache-Control                     "public, max-age=15778463$asset_immutable";
        add_header Referrer-Policy                   "no-referrer"       always;
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options            "nosniff"           always;
        add_header X-Frame-Options                   "SAMEORIGIN"        always;
        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none"              always;
        add_header X-Robots-Tag                      "noindex, nofollow" always;
        access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
    }
 
    location ~ \.(otf|woff2?)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        expires 7d;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
        access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
    }
 
    # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
    location /remote {
        return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
    }
 
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
    }
}

现在下载最新 Nextcloud 版本的存档：

转到 Nextcloud 安装页面。

转到下载 Server > Community Projects，然后下载 tar.bz2 或 .zip 存档。

# 按住 shift 在空白处鼠标右键选 在此处打开powershell窗口
scp .\nextcloud.zip user@127.0.0.1:/home/user
# 等待上传完成 登入服务器解压文件
unzip nextcloud.zip
sudo mv ./nextcloud /var/www/
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/nextcloud
sudo chmod -R 777 /var/www/nextcloud/

https://localhost/install/

浏览器访问向导安装

管理员 admin

密码 123456

路径默认 /var/www/nextcloud/data

数据库用户 admin

数据库密码 123456

数据库名称 nextcloud_db

数据库地址 localhost:3306

管理>基本设置>电子邮件服务器

发送模式 SMTP

加密 SSL